India / Pakistan (Kashmir and Jammu)

India and Pakistan have fought three wars over Jammu and Kashmir since 1947. 

In response to a separatist insurgency in Indian-controlled Kashmir that intensified in the late 1980s, the New Delhi authorities have maintained a heavy military presence, with human rights groups, including the Association of Parents of Disappeared Persons (APDP), citing extensive human rights violations including thousands of enforced disappearances. 

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